| Abstract: |
Shocks are generally sudden, unexpected and high-impact events (Chishimba M. E., Wilson P. N., 2021), the recurrence of which can have a multi-faceted impact on a household (health, housing, food, economy, education, social ties), requiring a holistic response from development stakeholders (Boubacar S. et al., 2017). Moreover, people who are socially and economically marginalised are proving to be the most affected by climate change (Beny et al., 2022). Given the increase in vulnerability, which is considered to be polysemous, multiscalar and multidimensional (Fabiani & Theys, 1987; Bogardi, 2004; Léone, 2007; Beccera, 2012), as evidenced by the failure of previous dominant paradigms (Revet S., 2011), a new concept emerged at the turn of the 2000s, which does not remain a panacea for life's disasters, but which is taking on a central role in Risk and Disaster Management, namely 'resilience'. Moreover, the lack of a clear generic definition in the face of the craze for it has created a complex semantic vagueness, which makes it difficult to operationalise (Reghezza M., 2020). Given that the "risk is systemic" (UNDRR, 2022), its impacts can affect the whole of social and economic life, as well as other existential risks, such as climate change and biodiversity loss. The appropriate definition for this purpose is that of the UNDRR as: "The capacity of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, adapt, transform and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and effective manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions through risk management". From this definition, then, given that resilience is also multifactorial (Lallau B., 2019), the effectiveness of its measurement depends on the indicators considered to measure it, depending on the scale considered. The methodology is based on the use and application of the Multidimensional Resilience Index (MRI) (Salava J. et al., 2021) to determine a community's level of resilience to disasters. |
